☢ test - Í

Styles v. State, 279 Ga. 134, 610 S.E.2d 23 (February 21, 2005). Counsel’s decision not to call alibi witnesses who gave inconsistent testimony was reasonable trial strategy. Rakestrau v. State, 278 Ga. 872, 608 S.E.2d 216 (January 24, 2005). “Preservation of the right to first and last closing argument is a decision involving trial strategy, Brown v. State, 268 Ga. 354, 357 (490 S.E.2d 75) (1997).” Decision not to call witnesses thus was not clearly unreasonable. Accord, numerous cases including Silcox v. State , 241 Ga.App. 845, 528 S.E.2d 271 (January 18, 2000); Jack v. State , 245 Ga.App. 216, 536 S.E.2d 235 (June 22, 2000); Lewis v. State , 275 Ga.App. 41, 619 S.E.2d 699 (July 28, 2005); Johnson v. State , 280 Ga.App. 341, 634 S.E.2d 134 (July 10, 2006); Smith v. State , 281 Ga.App. 587, 636 S.E.2d 748 (September 18, 2006); Wheat v. State , 282 Ga.App. 655, 639 S.E.2d 578 (November 30, 2006); Espinosa v. State , 285 Ga.App. 69, 645 S.E.2d 529 (February 22, 2007); Cooper v. State , 281 Ga. 760, 642 S.E.2d 817 (March 26, 2007); Duggan v. State , 285 Ga.App. 273, 645 S.E.2d 733 (May 8, 2007); Finch v. State , 287 Ga.App. 319, 651 S.E.2d 478; Adams v. State , 283 Ga. 298, 658 S.E.2d 627 (March 10, 2008); Baker v. State , 295 Ga.App. 162, 671 S.E.2d 206 (November 24, 2008). Fielding v. State , 299 Ga.App. 341, 682 S.E.2d 675 (July 23, 2009); Bulloch v. State , 293 Ga. 179, 744 S.E.2d 763 (June 17, 2013). Jefferies v. State, 267 Ga.App. 694, 600 S.E.2d 753 (June 4, 2004). Failure to call two alibi witnesses, even if deficient, did not prejudice defendant “because the testimony of the two men would have been cumulative of other witnesses.” Accord, Johnson v. State , 290 Ga.App. 255, 659 S.E.2d 638 (February 21, 2008); Skipper v. State , 314 Ga.App. 870, 726 S.E.2d 127 (March 16, 2012) (not ineffective to decline to call cumulative witness). Martin v. State, 267 Ga.App. 28, 598 S.E.2d 828 (April 13, 2004). Defendant’s failure to inform counsel of witnesses he wanted to call “[a]s a general rule … would insulate counsel from a claim that he was ineffective in failing to call the witnesses.” Accord, Champion v. State , 238 Ga.App. 48, 517 S.E.2d 595 (May 11, 1999) (disapproved on other grounds, Miller v. State , 285 Ga. 285, 676 S.E.2d 173 (April 28, 2009)); Adkins v. State , 280 Ga. 761, 632 S.E.2d 650 (July 13, 2006); Kelley v. State , 295 Ga.App. 663, 673 S.E.2d 63 (January 26, 2009); Driggers v. State , 295 Ga.App. 711, 673 S.E.2d 95 (January 27, 2009); Green v. State , 300 Ga.App. 383, 685 S.E.2d 371 (October 7, 2009); McIlwain v. State , 287 Ga. 115, 694 S.E.2d 657 (April 19, 2010); Amica v. State , 307 Ga.App. 276, 704 S.E.2d 831 (November 19, 2010); Clowers v. State , 324 Ga.App. 264, 750 S.E.2d 169 (October 16, 2013); Harper v. State , 330 Ga.App. 561, 768 S.E.2d 755 (January 28, 2015) (“trial counsel is not ineffective for failing to call an alibi witness the defendant never identified.”); Leggett v. State , 331 Ga.App. 343, 771 S.E.2d 50 (March 19, 2015). Shields v. State, 264 Ga.App .232, 590 S.E.2d 217 (November 19, 2003). Defense counsel’s decision not to call witness whom “he did not think the jury would believe … because she was a ‘crack addict’ and he feared … would not hold up under cross-examination…. was clearly strategic …. We are not required to find that trial counsel was deficient just because Shields and his present attorney now disagree with that decision.” Accord, Rodriguez v. State , 271 Ga. 40, 518 S.E.2d 131 (May 3, 1999) (counsel made strategic decision not to call witnesses who would have undermined defendant’s insanity defense); Sims v. State , 278 Ga. 587, 604 S.E.2d 799 (November 8, 2004) (Counsel thought defendant’s family were not credible witnesses, possibly would commit perjury, and counsel thought preserving right to closing argument more valuable); Peterson v. State , 282 Ga. 286, 647 S.E.2d 592 (July 13, 2007) (counsel interviewed witness “and found her demeanor such that he doubted she would be found credible.”); Banta v. State , 282 Ga. 392, 651 S.E.2d 21 (September 24, 2007) (“counsel explained that the witness was ‘clearly hostile’ to the point that counsel would not consider putting him on the stand or ‘giving him any credit whatsoever.’”); Eason v. State , 283 Ga. 116, 657 S.E.2d 203 (February 11, 2008) (same as Finch ); Hill v. State , 290 Ga.App. 140, 658 S.E.2d 863 (March 7, 2008) (counsel decided not to present defendant’s fiancé as alibi witness after defendant’s story changed for third time); Lockheart v. State , 284 Ga. 78, 663 S.E.2d 213 (June 30, 2008); Jones v. State , 296 Ga.App. 288, 674 S.E.2d 130 (February 23, 2009) (state possessed prior inconsistent statements of witnesses); Reid v. State , 286 Ga. 484, 690 S.E.2d 177 (February 8, 2010) (counsel judged alibi witness not credible); Smiley v. State , 288 Ga. 635, 706 S.E.2d 425 (February 28, 2011) (same as Reid ); Rankin v. State , 309 Ga.App. 817, 711 S.E.2d 377 (June 7, 2011) (“Trial counsel testified that he did not call Rankin's sister as a witness because she refused to testify after learning that she would have to submit to cross- examination, which caused him to question her credibility and to fear that, if he forced her to testify through subpoena, her testimony ‘could have blown up in [his] face.’”); Griffin v. State , 292 Ga. 321, 737 S.E.2d 682 (January 22, 2013) (“Decisions concerning the presentation of witnesses founded on legitimate evidentiary concerns are matters of trial strategy and do not constitute ineffective assistance.”); Hall v. State , 292 Ga. 701, 743 S.E.2d 6 (March 25, 2013) (counsel had interviewed five witnesses but “believed their testimony would be of limited or no value,” and discussed it with defendant).