☢ test - Í

K. IMPLIED CONSENT AND CHEMICAL TESTS................................................................................................ 763 1. BLOOD ALCOHOL CONTENT...................................................................................................................... 763 2. BLOOD TESTS, BLOOD DRAWER............................................................................................................... 763 3. BREATH TESTS – BREATH SAMPLES........................................................................................................ 764 4. CHEMICAL TESTS, GENERALLY................................................................................................................ 765 5. COMMERCIAL DRIVERS .............................................................................................................................. 767 6. CONSTITUTIONALITY.................................................................................................................................. 768 7. EVIDENCE ....................................................................................................................................................... 771 8. IMPEACHMENT.............................................................................................................................................. 773 9. INDEPENDENT TEST, DEFENDANT’S FAILURE TO TENDER IN EVIDENCE .................................... 773 10. INDEPENDENT TEST, FAILURE TO OBTAIN ....................................................................................... 773 11. INDEPENDENT TEST, REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION............................................................... 774 12. INDEPENDENT TEST, REQUEST FOR, WHAT CONSTITUTES .......................................................... 779 13. INTOXILYZER CERTIFICATES/PERMITS.............................................................................................. 782 14. INTOXILYZER FUNCTIONING/MARGIN OF ERROR .......................................................................... 785 15. MULTIPLE STATE TESTS ......................................................................................................................... 787 16. NOTICE – ACCURACY OF STATUTORY NOTICE See also subsection NOTICE – OUT-OF-STATE LICENSES, below ...................................................................................................................................................... 788 17. NOTICE – LANGUAGE/UNDERSTANDING........................................................................................... 790 18. NOTICE – OUT-OF-STATE LICENSES .................................................................................................... 791 19. NOTICE – READING/ RE-READING/ CHANGES/ ERRORS ................................................................. 792 20. NOTICE – TIMING...................................................................................................................................... 796 21. REBUTTAL .................................................................................................................................................. 802 22. REFUSAL OF STATE TEST ....................................................................................................................... 802 23. RESULTS, USE OF – OTHER CHARGES ................................................................................................. 809 24. RESULTS, WHEN PROVIDED .................................................................................................................. 810 25. RIGHT TO COUNSEL................................................................................................................................. 811 26. SEARCH WARRANTS................................................................................................................................ 811 27. SERIOUS INJURY ACCIDENT, WHAT CONSTITUTES ........................................................................ 813 28. TEST – TIMING See subheading PER SE, below ..................................................................................... 815 29. “TWENTY-MINUTE RULE” ...................................................................................................................... 815 30. VOLUNTARY TEST ................................................................................................................................... 816 L. JURY CHARGE See also JURIES AND JURORS – CHARGE, below ............................................................. 817 1. ACCIDENT ....................................................................................................................................................... 817 2. ALCO-SENSOR................................................................................................................................................ 817 3. CHEMICAL TESTS.......................................................................................................................................... 818 4. CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE ................................................................................................................... 818 5. FIELD SOBRIETY EVALUATIONS .............................................................................................................. 818 6. GENERALLY ................................................................................................................................................... 819 7. HGN .................................................................................................................................................................. 819 8. IMPLIED CONSENT........................................................................................................................................ 819 9. INTENT............................................................................................................................................................. 820 10. LESS SAFE DRIVER................................................................................................................................... 821 11. LESSER INCLUDED OFFENSES .............................................................................................................. 822 12. OPINION EVIDENCE ................................................................................................................................. 822 13. PER SE DUI.................................................................................................................................................. 822 14. PRESUMPTIONS BASED ON ALCOHOL LEVEL .................................................................................. 822 15. REFUSAL OF IMPLIED CONSENT/FIELD SOBRIETY.......................................................................... 823 M. LESS SAFE ........................................................................................................................................................... 824 1. BAC LEVEL ..................................................................................................................................................... 824 2. EVIDENCE – ARTICULABLE SUSPICION FOR STOP See also Search and Seizure – Articulable Suspicion for Stop/Terry Stops, below ........................................................................................................................................ 824 3. EVIDENCE – PROBABLE CAUSE FOR ARREST ....................................................................................... 828 4. EVIDENCE – SUFFICIENCY FOR CONVICTION....................................................................................... 836 N. LICENSE SUSPENSION See PROCEDURE – DRIVER’S LICENSES, below ................................................. 845 O. MIRANDA/SELF-INCRIMINATION.................................................................................................................. 845